crack vt. 1.使破裂;敲破,敲碎,砸碎(陶器等);嗑(瓜子等);【化学】裂化(石油等)。 2.把(枪打得、鞭子抽得)噼啪噼啪(等)地响。 3.打开(酒瓶)喝。 4.弄伤,损坏(信用等);弄哑(嗓子);使发狂。 5.说(笑话)。 6.〔口语〕解决;辨认(暗号);破(案)。 7.〔美俚〕兑开(钞票)。 8.〔口语〕闯入。 9.撬开(门)。 10.微启窗户。 11.刻苦攻读。 12.【计算机】非法侵入(他人电脑系统)。 vi. 1.破裂;断掉;(地面等)坼裂;皲裂;缩裂;〔美国〕破晓 (=day cracks)。 2.发坼裂[爆裂]声,(手枪、鞭子等)噼啪噼啪地响。 3.(嗓子)发哑;(发育期)变嗓子。 4.损坏;(精神)受打击。 5.〔Scot., 北英〕谈,谈话;〔俚语〕说笑话;讥讽。 6.【计算机】非法侵入他人电脑系统。 This is a hard nut to crack。 这是一个难解决的问题。 crack sunflower seeds 嗑瓜子。 crack a book 〔美俚〕读书,用功。 crack a bottle with 和…开瓶酒喝。 crack a crib 〔口语〕溜门撬锁(偷窃)。 crack a mark [record] 【美军】打破纪录,创新纪录。 crack a prospect 〔美俚〕推销成功。 crack a smile 〔俚语〕微笑。 crack back 〔美俚〕回嘴。 crack down 〔美俚〕敏捷地做;拼命做。 crack down on 〔美俚〕对…采取严厉措施,对…进行制裁。 crack on 满帆前进;〔俚语〕开足马力前进,飞快前进;继续前进。 crack out laughing 发笑。 crack the lingo 〔美俚〕讲本行行话。 crack the party 〔美俚〕不请自来赴会。 crack up 1. 夸奖;吹捧某人(crack oneself up 自夸,自大)。 2. (人、身体等)疲惫不堪,有气无力;〔美俚〕(飞机)坠毁,撞毁;引起(哄堂)大笑;忍不住大笑;笑痛肚子。 crack wise 〔美国〕讲俏皮话,打哈哈。 get cracking 〔俚语〕开动,动工;动手,开始做。 n. 1.裂缝,裂纹,皲裂,龟裂;【化学】裂化。 2.破裂声,爆裂声,(手枪、鞭子等的)噼啪声;打击声,打击。 3.疵瑕,缺点;精神错乱。 4.(发育期)换嗓,变声。 5.〔口语〕第一流人物;名马;(竞技的)名手;优良的船。 6.〔古、俚〕自大,自夸;〔Scot., 北英〕闲谈;〔pl.〕奇闻。 7.〔美俚〕警句,俏皮话,挖苦话。 8.〔口语〕一会儿,片刻。 9.〔俚语〕溜门撬锁。 Open the window a crack. 把窗子开一条缝。 the crack of a whip 鞭声。 the crack of thunder 雷鸣。 a crack on the head 头上的一击。 There is a crack in your head. 你有点疯啦。 (at) crack of day 〔英方,美〕(在)黎明,天亮时。 crack of doom 世界末日的霹雳信号(till the crack of doom 到世界毁灭时,到最后)。 in a crack 即刻,立刻。 adj. 〔口语〕最好的,第一流的;出名的,当当的。 a crack hand 妙手,能手。 a crack performer 名演员。 a crack player (竞赛等的)能手。 a crack regiment 精锐团。 crack troops 精锐部队。 a crack team 名队。 adv. 噼啪地,啪的一声,尖锐地。 The pistol went off crack. 手枪啪的一声打了出去。
matrix n. (pl. matrices 或matrixes) 1.【解剖学】子宫;母体;发源地,策源地,摇篮;【生物学】衬质细胞;间质;基质;母质。 2. 【矿物】母岩;脉石;【冶金】基体;【地质学;地理学】脉石;填质;杂矿石。 3. 【印刷】字模;型版,纸型;铸型,阴模。 4.【阵】(矩)阵,方阵;母式;【物理学】间架;【无线电】矩阵变换电路。 5.【染】原色〔红黄蓝白黑五种〕。 the matrix of a nail 【解剖学】指甲床。
Mechanical analysis of reinforced bar being vertical to matrix crack 基体裂纹的垂直强化筋力学分析
2 . the mechanical properties and fracture mode of 3d c / sic depend on the matrix cracks " propagation in interphase (2)3dcsic复合材料的力学性能和断裂模式与基体裂纹在界面相区的扩展方式密切相关。
4 . the matrix cracks " deflection can occur along the m / i interface, within the interphase and along the i / f interface, which can be predicted by modeling the matrix cracks " defection (4)基体裂纹会在界面相区内的mi界面、界面相内部和if界面等多个位置发生偏转。
4 . the matrix cracks " deflection can occur along the m / i interface, within the interphase and along the i / f interface, which can be predicted by modeling the matrix cracks " defection (4)基体裂纹会在界面相区内的mi界面、界面相内部和if界面等多个位置发生偏转。
Then it was necessary to study the matrix crack and delamination damages in detail, which occurred with the maximum probability and played the most important role on fwc failure . two models about damage analysis were established b y using energy method and shear lag method . the mechanism of damage and the effect to structure performance caused by damage are studied further 在此基础上,深入地研究了壳体损伤发生概率最大、而危害又相当明显的典型损伤类型??基体开裂和分层损伤,分别采用能量法和剪切滞后方法建立基体开裂和分层损伤的模型,对损伤的机理和损伤对壳体性能的影响进行了深入的研究。
Against the background of the microstructural evolution of three dimensional braiding c / sic composites, used such analytical methods as lm, sem and tem, it is studied that the matrix cracks propagate in the composites with different interphase thickness under three-point-bend testing, as well as under the creep testing . the main conclusions are as follows : 1 本文以三维编织csic复合材料微结构演化为背景,采用光学显微镜(lm)、扫描电镜(sem)和透射电镜(tem)等分析手段,研究了不同界面相厚度的复合材料在三点弯曲测试中基体裂纹的扩展规律,以及基体裂纹扩展对蠕变过程的影响。
It was found that the cracks can penetrate the interphase and the fiber rapidly when the interphase is thin, which causes the low flexural strength and fracture toughness, as well as the composites " brittle fracture . while the interphase is thick, multiple toughening mechanisms such as the crack deflection and matrix cracking can be activated, which cause the composites " flexural strength and fracture toughness is high and the composites " non-brittle fracture 当界面相较薄时,基体裂纹能够迅速穿过界面相和纤维,复合材料具有较低的弯曲强度和断裂韧性,表现为脆性断裂模式;当界面相较厚时,复合材料能产生裂纹偏转、基体开裂等多种增韧方式,具有较高的弯曲强度和断裂韧性,呈韧性断裂模式。
3 . the two stages of primary creep and steady-state creep of 3d c / sic correspond to the gradual saturation of matrix crack and the opening of these cracks respectively . the transverse crack is the main contributor to the macroscopic creep strain of 3d c / sic, and its opening is controlled by the creep temperature (3)3dcsic复合材料的减速蠕变阶段和稳态蠕变阶段分别对应着基体裂纹趋于饱和和逐渐张开这两个过程;横向基体裂纹是3dcsic复合材料宏观蠕变应变的主要贡献者,温度是影响横向裂纹张开速度的一个重要因素。
There are three main kinds of matrix cracks within the as-received composites : cracks induced by mismatch of thermal expansion coefficients, cracks between bundles and cracks induced by matrix's delamination . they locate within the bundles, between the bundles and on the surface of the bundles respectively 主要结果如下:(1)研究表明,在原始3dcsic复合材料内部主要存在三种裂纹:热失配裂纹,纤维束间裂纹和基体分层裂纹,它们分别存在于纤维束内部,纤维束之间和纤维束表层。
By way of comparing the results obtained from netting theory, compound theory, nonlinear fem and experimental test, the conclusion could be drawn that matrix crack damage surely existed in the cylinder part of structure . when the structure was subject to internal pressure up to 6.8mpa, which was the maximum loading of hydrostatic test, the deformation of the global structure and stress and strain distributed in any parts of structure were obtained 通过对网格理论、复合理论和非线性有限元方法计算结果与试验值之间的相互比较,可以看出:非线性有限元计算结果介于网格理论和复合理论之间,且有限元计算结果与复合理论结果更加接近,表明在水检压力下壳体筒段确实存在着基体开裂等损伤。